After the plague had ended and the rebellious generation of Israelites had passed away in the wilderness, God instructed Moses and Eleazar the priest to take a new census of the people. This was important because the Israelites were about to enter the Promised Land, and the land was to be divided according to the size of each tribe (Numbers 26:1-2).
This census counted all the men aged 20 and older who were able to serve in the army. The total was 601,730—a strong and ready new generation, vastly different from the people who left Egypt 40 years earlier (Numbers 26:51).
Each tribe’s population was recorded carefully, showing the renewed strength of Israel:
- The tribe of Reuben had 43,730 men (Numbers 26:7)
- Simeon had 22,200 men (Numbers 26:14)
- Judah had 76,500 men, the largest tribe (Numbers 26:23)
- And so on for each of the twelve tribes (Numbers 26:7-51)
God also reminded Moses that the land of Canaan was to be divided among these tribes according to the number of people in each (Numbers 26:52-56). This ensured a fair distribution based on each tribe’s size.
Additionally, the families of Levi were counted separately, as they were set apart for priestly duties and did not receive land like the other tribes (Numbers 26:57-65).
Key Verse:
Numbers 26:2
"Take a census of the whole Israelite community by their clans and families, listing every man by name, one by one."

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